Affiliation:
1. Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
2. Analytical Technology Department HORIBA Techno Service Co., Ltd. Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0063 Japan
3. Scientific/Semiconductor Product R&D Center HORIBA, Ltd. Minami-ku Kyoto 601-8510 Japan
Abstract
The superior electrical conductivity and optical transparency of indium tin oxide (ITO) make it an ideal electrode material for use in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells. When ITO electrodes are fabricated on very thin plastic substrates, however, the internal stress of the ITO layer causes the substrate to deform, severely limiting the device's performance. Herein, it is shown that ITO bilayers composed of an amorphous base layer and a crystalline overlayer lead to deformation‐free ITO electrodes. It is shown that an optimized bilayer structure is achieved when the internal stresses of the amorphous and crystalline layers approximately cancel. With this approach, mixed composition metal halide perovskite solar cells with ITO electrodes are successfully fabricated on 4 μm polyethylene naphthalate films. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.2% is obtained for the reference cell design, corresponding to a power‐to‐weight ratio of 24 W g−1 before encapsulation. The devices retain 95% of the original PCE after 1000 bend cycles, while under simulated indoor lighting (white LED, 200 lux, 5000 K) the PCE reaches 28.3%. A 3‐cell module with a designated area of 2.3 cm2 is realized with a power output of 28.1 mW and an open‐circuit voltage of 3.17 V.
Funder
Japan Science and Technology Agency
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Tokyo Ohka Foundation for The Promotion of Science and Technology
Sumitomo Foundation
Mazda Foundation
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Cited by
3 articles.
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