1. Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
2. Scottish Audit of Surgical Mortality, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow, UK
3. Information and Statistics Division, NHS National Services Scotland, The Gyle, Edinburgh, UK
4. Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK