Iron Single‐Atom Catalysts on MXenes for Ultrasensitive Monitoring of Adrenal Tumor Markers and Cellular Dopamine

Author:

Shetty Saptami Suresh1ORCID,El‐Demellawi Jehad K.2ORCID,Khan Yusuf2ORCID,Hedhili Mohamed N.3ORCID,Arul P.4ORCID,Mani Veerappan1ORCID,Alshareef Husam N.2,Salama Khaled Nabil1

Affiliation:

1. Sensors Lab Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia

2. Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia

3. Core Labs King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia

4. Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan, ROC

Abstract

AbstractNeuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma are the most prevalent malignancies of the adrenal medulla. They are currently diagnosed by measuring urinary catecholamines using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, which is expensive, bulky, and tedious. Electrochemical detectors stand out as low‐cost alternatives; however, further development of functional materials with adequate sensitivity is still required to attain clinically useful diagnostic devices. Here, Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets stabilized with iron single‐atom catalysts (Fe‐SACs), anchored on the surface, are synthesized and utilized as efficient electrocatalysts for the determination of catecholamine (dopamine (DA)) and its end‐products (vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)). The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx exhibits low oxidation overpotentials with high signal amplifications up to 610%, 290%, and 420%, and sensitive detection limits of 1.0, 5.0, and 10 nM for DA, VMA, and HVA, respectively. The presence of the atomic Fe elements on the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets is confirmed using high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx sensor tracks the in situ production of DA in PC12 cells and found practically useful in analyzing human urine samples. The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx stands out as a sensitive diagnostic platform for evaluating the progression of tumors and the quality of cellular DA communications

Funder

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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