Supernumerary Chromosomes Enhance Karyotypic Diversification of Narrow‐Headed Voles of the Subgenus Stenocranius (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Author:

Pavlova Svetlana V.1ORCID,Romanenko Svetlana A.2ORCID,Matveevsky Sergey N.3ORCID,Kuksin Aleksander N.4,Dvoyashov Ivan A.5ORCID,Kovalskaya Yulia M.5,Proskuryakova Anastasiya A.2ORCID,Serdyukova Natalia A.2ORCID,Petrova Tatyana V.6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Population Ecology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

2. Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk Russia

3. Cytogenetics Laboratory Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

4. Laboratory of Biodiversity and Geoecology Tuvinian Institute for Exploration of Natural Resources, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Kyzyl Russia

5. Laboratory of Behaviour and Behavioral Ecology of Mammals A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

6. Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics and Paleogenomics Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences Saint‐Petersburg Russia

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe subgenus Stenocranius contains two cryptic species: Lasiopodomys gregalis (subdivided into three allopatrically distributed and genetically well‐isolated lineages A, B, and C) and Lasiopodomys raddei. To identify karyotype characteristics of this poorly studied cryptic species complex, we used comparative cytogenetic analysis of 138 individuals from 41 localities in South Siberia and Mongolia. A detailed description of the L. raddei karyotype and of the L. gregalis lineage С karyotype is presented for the first time. The A chromosome complement of all examined narrow‐headed voles consisted of 2n = 36 and a fundamental number of autosomal arms (FNa) of 50. Between species, patterns of differential staining were similar, though additional C‐heterochromatic blocks were found in L. gregalis lineages; Ag‐positive nucleolar organizers and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clusters are located on eight and nine acrocentric pairs, respectively. No B chromosomes (Bs) were found in the Early Pleistocene relic L. raddei, while one to five small heterochromatic acrocentric Bs were detected in all L. gregalis lineages; the number and frequency of Bs varied considerably within lineages, but no intraindividual variation was observed. In both species, telomeric repeats were visualized at termini of all chromosomes, including Bs. The number and localization of rDNA clusters on Bs varied among B‐carriers. Immunodetection of several meiotic proteins indicated that meio‐Bs are transcriptionally inactive and have a pattern of meiotic behavior similar to that of sex chromosomes (some homology of Bs to sex chromosomes is supposed). The nature, mechanisms of inheritance and stability of Bs in L. gregalis require further investigation.

Publisher

Wiley

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