Affiliation:
1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
2. Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Kyung Hee University 1732, Deogyeong‐daero, Giheung‐gu Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do 17104 Republic of Korea
3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Myongji University Yongin Gyeonggi 17058 Republic of Korea
Abstract
AbstractThe global energy crisis caused by the overconsumption of nonrenewable fuels has prompted researchers to develop alternative strategies for producing electrical energy. In this review, a fascinating strategy that simply utilizes water, an abundant natural substance throughout the globe and even in air as moisture, as a power source is introduced. The concept of the hydrovoltaic electricity generator (HEG) proposed herein involves generating an electrical potential gradient by exposing the two ends of the HEG device to dissimilar physicochemical environments, which leads to the production of an electrical current through the active material. HEGs, with a large variety of viable active materials, have much potential for expansion toward diverse applications including permanent and/or emergency power sources. In this review, representative HEGs that generate electricity by the mechanisms of diffusion, streaming, and capacitance as case studies for building a fundamental understanding of the electricity generation process are discussed. In particular, by comparing the use and absence of hygroscopic materials, HEG mechanism studies to establish active material design principles are meticulously elucidated. The review with future perspectives on electrode design using conducting nanomaterials, considerations for high performance device construction, and potential impacts of the HEG technology in improving the livelihoods are reviewed.
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science
Cited by
4 articles.
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