Catalyzing Artificial Photosynthesis with TiO2 Heterostructures and Hybrids: Emerging Trends in a Classical yet Contemporary Photocatalyst

Author:

Ruan Xiaowen1,Li Shijie2,Huang Chengxiang2,Zheng Weitao2,Cui Xiaoqiang2,Ravi Sai Kishore1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Energy and Environment City Universitsy of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China

2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

Abstract

AbstractTitanium dioxide (TiO2) stands out as a versatile transition‐metal oxide with applications ranging from energy conversion/storage and environmental remediation to sensors and optoelectronics. While extensively researched for these emerging applications, TiO2 has also achieved commercial success in various fields including paints, inks, pharmaceuticals, food additives, and advanced medicine. Thanks to the tunability of their structural, morphological, optical, and electronic characteristics, TiO2 nanomaterials are among the most researched engineering materials. Besides these inherent advantages, the low cost, low toxicity, and biocompatibility of TiO2 nanomaterials position them as a sustainable choice of functional materials for energy conversion. Although TiO2 is a classical photocatalyst well‐known for its structural stability and high surface activity, TiO2‐based photocatalysis is still an active area of research particularly in the context of catalyzing artificial photosynthesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and emerging trends in TiO2 heterostructures and hybrids for artificial photosynthesis. It begins by discussing the common synthesis methods for TiO2 nanomaterials, including hydrothermal synthesis and sol–gel synthesis. It then delves into TiO2 nanomaterials and their photocatalytic mechanisms, highlighting the key advancements that have been made in recent years. The strategies to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2, including surface modification, doping modulation, heterojunction construction, and synergy of composite materials, with a specific emphasis on their applications in artificial photosynthesis, are discussed. TiO2‐based heterostructures and hybrids present exciting opportunities for catalyzing solar fuel production, organic degradation, and CO2 reduction via artificial photosynthesis. This review offers an overview of the latest trends and advancements, while also highlighting the ongoing challenges and prospects for future developments in this classical yet rapidly evolving field.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

City University of Hong Kong

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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