Recent Advances in 4D Printing of Advanced Materials and Structures for Functional Applications

Author:

Wan Xue1,Xiao Zhongmin1,Tian Yujia1,Chen Mei12,Liu Feng3,Wang Dong4,Liu Yong3,Bartolo Paulo Jorge Da Silva1,Yan Chunze5,Shi Yusheng5,Zhao Ruike Renee6,Qi Hang Jerry7,Zhou Kun12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

2. HP–NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

3. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University Changsha 410083 China

4. School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

5. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

6. Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

7. School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Abstract

Abstract4D printing has attracted tremendous worldwide attention during the past decade. This technology enables the shape, property, or functionality of printed structures to change with time in response to diverse external stimuli, making the original static structures alive. The revolutionary 4D‐printing technology offers remarkable benefits in controlling geometric and functional reconfiguration, thereby showcasing immense potential across diverse fields, including biomedical engineering, electronics, robotics, and photonics. Here, a comprehensive review of the latest achievements in 4D printing using various types of materials and different additive manufacturing techniques is presented. The state‐of‐the‐art strategies implemented in harnessing various 4D‐printed structures are highlighted, which involve materials design, stimuli, functionalities, and applications. The machine learning approach explored for 4D printing is also discussed. Finally, the perspectives on the current challenges and future trends toward further development in 4D printing are summarized.

Publisher

Wiley

Reference332 articles.

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