Distinguishing Molecular Mechanical Action from Photothermal and Photodynamic Behavior

Author:

Beckham Jacob L.1ORCID,Bradford Thomas S.2,Ayala‐Orozco Ciceron1ORCID,Santos Ana L.13ORCID,Arnold Dallin1,van Venrooy Alexis R.1,García‐López Víctor4ORCID,Pal Robert2,Tour James M.5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry Rice University 6100 Main Street MS 222 Houston TX 77005 USA

2. Department of Chemistry Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK

3. IdISBA–Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares Palma 07120 Spain

4. Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA

5. Department of Chemistry Smalley‐Curl Institute NanoCarbon Center Rice Advanced Materials Institute Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Department of Computer Science Rice University 6100 Main Street MS 222 Houston TX 77005 USA

Abstract

AbstractMolecular motors (MM) are molecular machines, or nanomachines, that rotate unidirectionally upon photostimulation and perform mechanical work on their environment. In the last several years, it has been shown that the photomechanical action of MM can be used to permeabilize lipid bilayers, thereby killing cancer cells and pathogenic microorganisms and controlling cell signaling. The work contributes to a growing acknowledgement that the molecular actuation characteristic of these systems is useful for various applications in biology. However, the mechanical effects of molecular motion on biological materials are difficult to disentangle from photodynamic and photothermal action, which are also present when a light‐absorbing fluorophore is irradiated with light. Here, an overview of the key methods used by various research groups to distinguish the effects of photomechanical, photodynamic, and photothermal action is provided. It is anticipated that this discussion will be helpful to the community seeking to use MM to develop new and distinctive medical technologies that result from mechanical disruption of biological materials.

Funder

Royal Society

Burroughs Wellcome Fund

Welch Foundation

Division of Chemistry

HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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