Observation of Antiferroelectric Domain Walls in a Uniaxial Hyperferroelectric

Author:

Conroy Michele1,Småbråten Didrik René23,Ophus Colin4,Shapovalov Konstantin56,Ramasse Quentin M.78,Hunnestad Kasper Aas2,Selbach Sverre M.2,Aschauer Ulrich39,Moore Kalani10,Gregg J. Marty11,Bangert Ursel12,Stengel Massimiliano513,Gruverman Alexei14,Meier Dennis2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Materials London Centre of Nanotechnology Imperial Henry Royce Institute Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK

2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim 7491 Norway

3. Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Bern CH‐3012 Bern Switzerland

4. National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA

5. Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB‐CSIC) Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Spain

6. Theoretical Materials Physics, Q‐MAT University of Liège B‐4000 Sart‐Tilman Liège Belgium

7. School of Physics and Astronomy School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK

8. SuperSTEM SciTech Daresbury Science and Innovation Campus Daresbury WA4 4AD UK

9. Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials University of Salzburg Salzburg 5020 Austria

10. Direct Electron LP San Diego CA 92128 USA

11. Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies School of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UK

12. Department of Physics Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick V94 T9PX Ireland

13. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Pg. Lluís Companys Barcelona 08010 Spain

14. Department of Physics and Astronomy Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska Lincoln NE NE 68588 USA

Abstract

AbstractFerroelectric domain walls are a rich source of emergent electronic properties and unusual polar order. Recent studies show that the configuration of ferroelectric walls can go well beyond the conventional Ising‐type structure. Néel‐, Bloch‐, and vortex‐like polar patterns have been observed, displaying strong similarities with the spin textures at magnetic domain walls. Here, the discovery of antiferroelectric domain walls in the uniaxial ferroelectric Pb5Ge3O11 is reported. Highly mobile domain walls with an alternating displacement of Pb atoms are resolved, resulting in a cyclic 180° flip of dipole direction within the wall. Density functional theory calculations show that Pb5Ge3O11 is hyperferroelectric, allowing the system to overcome the depolarization fields that usually suppress the antiparallel ordering of dipoles along the longitudinal direction. Interestingly, the antiferroelectric walls observed under the electron beam are energetically more costly than basic head‐to‐head or tail‐to‐tail walls. The results suggest a new type of excited domain‐wall state, expanding previous studies on ferroelectric domain walls into the realm of antiferroic phenomena.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Science Foundation Ireland

Norges Forskningsråd

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

U.S. Department of Energy

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Generalitat de Catalunya

European Research Council

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades

Publisher

Wiley

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