1. Institute of Medical Sciences; Tzu Chi University; Hualien 97004 Taiwan
2. Department of Nursing; National Taichung University of Science and Technology; Taichung 40343 Taiwan
3. Intensive Care Unit, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital; Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; New Taipei City 23142 Taiwan
4. School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien 97004 Taiwan
5. Department of Nursing; Tzu Chi University; Hualien 97004 Taiwan
6. Department of Nursing; Hsin Sheng College of Medical Care and Management; Taoyuan 32544 Taiwan