Affiliation:
1. Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
2. Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi Province China
3. Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
Abstract
AbstractDown syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is a genetic condition often accompanied by chronic pain caused by congenital abnormalities and/or conditions, such as osteoarthritis, recurrent infections, and leukemia. Although DS patients are more susceptible to chronic pain as compared to the general population, the pain experience in these individuals may vary, attributed to the heterogenous structural and functional differences in the central nervous system, which might result in abnormal pain sensory information transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. We tried to elaborate on some key questions and possible explanations in this review. Further clarification of the mechanisms underlying such abnormal conditions induced by the structural and functional differences is needed to help pain management in DS patients.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine
Cited by
2 articles.
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