Immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia associated with a well‐differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a Rhodesian ridgeback

Abstract

AbstractThis case report describes an immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia associated with a well‐differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a male neutered Rhodesian ridgeback. Initial presentation at the referring veterinary practice was for acute lethargy, anorexia and possible melaena. Immunosuppressive therapy was started, but the dog was later referred due to glucocorticoid adverse effects and worsening anaemia. Upon referral, a mild, macrocytic, normochromic, regenerative anaemia was seen, with positive in‐saline agglutination and a moderate spherocytosis on blood film examination. An irregular, well‐defined liver mass was identified on computed tomography at referral, but its significance was initially uncertain, thus immunosuppressive therapy was commenced. Weaning of medications resulted in immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia relapse, thus the hepatic neoplasm was removed via a right lateral liver lobectomy. Histology confirmed complete excision, and supported a well‐differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. All medication was successfully discontinued following surgery, with no relapse of clinical signs at the time of writing this report.