Formation of xylem tissues and secondary cell walls is diminished by severe and consecutive insect defoliation

Author:

Watanabe Yoko1ORCID,Yamagishi Shohei23ORCID,Takata Naoki4ORCID,Tsuyama Taku5ORCID,Yasue Koh6ORCID,Ohno Yasuyuki7

Affiliation:

1. Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo 060‐8589 Japan

2. Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo 060‐8589 Japan

3. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba 305‐8687 Japan

4. Forest Bio‐Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Hitachi 319‐1301 Japan

5. Faculty of Agriculture University of Miyazaki Miyazaki 889‐2192 Japan

6. Institute for Mountain Science Shinshu University Minami‐minowa 399‐4598 Japan

7. Forest Research Institute Hokkaido Research Organization Bibai 079‑0198 Japan

Abstract

AbstractPremiseInsect defoliation of trees causes unusual changes to wood anatomy and slows radial growth that decreases tree value; however, the characteristics of these anatomical changes in hardwoods remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomy and histochemistry of the wood in trunks of Betula maximowicziana trees after severe insect defoliation.MethodsSecondary xylem tissues were sampled from trunks that had been defoliated by Caligula japonica at Naie and Furano in central Hokkaido during 2006‐2012, then cross‐dated and examined microscopically and stained histochemically to characterize anatomical and chemical changes in the cells.ResultsWhite rings with thin‐walled wood fibers and greatly reduced annual ring width in the subsequent year were observed in samples from both sites. From these results, the year that the white rings formed was determined, and severe defoliation was confirmed to trigger white ring formation. The characteristics may prove useful to detect the formation year of white rings. Scanning electron microscopy and histochemical analyses of the white rings indicated that the thickness of the S2 layer in the wall of wood fiber cells decreased, but xylan and lignin were still deposited in the cell walls of wood fibers. However, the walls of the fibers rethickened after the defoliation.ConclusionsOur results suggest that B. maximowicziana responds to a temporary lack of carbon inputs due to insect defoliation by regulating the thickness of the S2 layer of the cell wall of wood fibers. For B. maximowicziana, insect defoliation late in the growing season has serious deleterious effects on wood formation and radial growth.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3