Finite element analysis of kangaroo astragali: A new angle on the ankle

Author:

Murphy Peter J.1ORCID,Rowe Andre J.1ORCID,Rayfield Emily J.1ORCID,Janis Christine M.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Palaeobiology Research Group, School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK

2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA

Abstract

AbstractUsing finite element analysis on the astragali of five macropodine kangaroos (extant and extinct hoppers) and three sthenurine kangaroos (extinct proposed bipedal striders) we investigate how the stresses experienced by the ankle in similarly sized kangaroos of different hypothesized/known locomotor strategy compare under different simulation scenarios, intended to represent the moment of midstance at different gaits. These tests showed a clear difference between the performance of sthenurines and macropodines with the former group experiencing lower stress in simulated bipedal strides in all species compared with hopping simulations, supporting the hypothesis that sthenurines may have utilized this gait. The Pleistocene macropodine Protemnodon also performed differently from all other species studied, showing high stresses in all simulations except for bounding. This may support the hypothesis of Protemnodon being a quadrupedal bounder.

Publisher

Wiley

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