Metabolic effects of an essential amino acid supplement in adolescents with PCOS and obesity

Author:

Fordham Talyia M.1ORCID,Morelli Nazeen S.2,Garcia‐Reyes Yesenia2ORCID,Ware Meredith A.2ORCID,Rahat Haseeb2,Sundararajan Divya2,Fuller Kelly N. Z.2ORCID,Severn Cameron3,Pyle Laura34,Malloy Craig R.5678ORCID,Jin Eunsook S.56,Parks Elizabeth J.1ORCID,Wolfe Robert R.9ORCID,Cree Melanie G.210ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology University of Missouri School of Medicine Columbia Missouri USA

2. Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA

3. Child Health Biostatistics Core, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA

4. Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado School of Public Health Aurora Colorado USA

5. Advanced Imaging Research Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA

6. Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA

7. Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA

8. VA North Texas Health Care System Dallas Texas USA

9. Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas USA

10. Center for Women's Health Research University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA

Abstract

AbstractObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis (HS). Because dietary essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation has been shown to decrease HS in various populations, this study's objective was to determine whether supplementation would decrease HS in PCOS.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, crossover, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted in 21 adolescents with PCOS (BMI 37.3 ± 6.5 kg/m2, age 15.6 ± 1.3 years). Liver fat, very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipogenesis, and triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism were measured following each 28‐day phase of placebo or EAA.ResultsCompared to placebo, EAA was associated with no difference in body weight (p = 0.673). Two markers of liver health improved: HS was lower (−0.8% absolute, −7.5% relative reduction, p = 0.013), as was plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (−8%, p = 0.004). Plasma TG (−9%, p = 0.015) and VLDL‐TG (−21%, p = 0.031) were reduced as well. VLDL‐TG palmitate derived from lipogenesis was not different between the phases, nor was insulin sensitivity (p > 0.400 for both). Surprisingly, during the EAA phase, participants reported consuming fewer carbohydrates (p = 0.038) and total sugars (p = 0.046).ConclusionsSimilar to studies in older adults, short‐term EAA supplementation in adolescents resulted in significantly lower liver fat, AST, and plasma lipids and thus may prove to be an effective treatment in this population. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms for these effects.

Funder

Doris Duke Charitable Foundation

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

Publisher

Wiley

Reference55 articles.

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2. Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

3. Glucose intolerance in obese adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome: roles of insulin resistance and β‐cell dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular disease;Arslanian SA;J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2001

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5. Characterization of Groups of Hyperaiidrogenic Women with Acanthosis Nigricans, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and/or Hyperinsulinemia*

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