Affiliation:
1. Non‐Ionizing Radiation Unit Greek Atomic Energy Commission (EEAE) Athens Greece
2. Directorate of Training, Regulatory Policy, Infrastructure and Research Greek Atomic Energy Commission (EEAE) Athens Greece
Abstract
AbstractIn Greece, 5G New Radio (NR) has started launching in the end of 2020, at the 3400–3800 MHz (FR1) frequency band. Focusing on 117 Base Stations (BSs) which were already equipped with 5G NR antennas, in situ broadband and frequency selective measurements have been conducted at minimum three points of interest, at adjacent rooftops (when accessible). The points have been selected according to the sweeping method and the electric field strength (E) value has been stored on the selected worst‐case scenario point. Spectrum analysis was conducted in the FR1, for the allocated spectrum that corresponds to each mobile communication provider, in order to get preliminary results concerning the contribution of the 5G NR emissions in the general public exposure levels. The vast majority of the in situ measurements has been conducted in urban environments from the beginning of 2021 until the mid of 2022, since in Greece 5G NR services launching started from the big cities. Additionally, a 5G NR BS, installed in a suburban environment (in the city of Kalamata) is thoroughly investigated during its pilot and regular operation, based on broadband and frequency selective measurements data derived by the National Observatory of Electromagnetic Fields (NOEF) monitoring sensor network. In situ measurement data within the 5G NR frequency range are verified via the NOEF's output. The 5G NR contribution to the total E‐field levels is assessed in time, from pilot to regular operation of the BS. In all cases, compliance with the reference levels for general public exposure is affirmed.
Reference8 articles.
1. 1999/519/EC: European Union Council Recommendation of 12 July1999on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz). Off. J. L 199 59–70 (1999)
2. Act No.1105 ‐ Common Ministerial Order of the Ministries of Development Transport and Communications Health and Environment Physical Planning and Public Works. Measures for the protection of the general public from the operation of land‐based antenna stations. Articles 2‐4 Act No.1105/Vol.B/6‐9‐2000 (2000)
3. In Situ Assessment of 5G NR Massive MIMO Base Station Exposure in a Commercial Network in Bern, Switzerland
4. In situ measurements of radiofrequency exposure levels in Greece from 2008 to 2013: A multi-parametric annual analysis
5. IN-SITU 5G NR BASE STATION EXPOSURE OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC: COMPARISON OF ASSESSMENT METHODS