Affiliation:
1. Coenzyme R Research Institute Tehran Iran
2. Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
3. Student Research Committee Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Tehran Iran
4. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
5. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
6. Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Islamic Azad University, Medical branch Tehran Iran
7. Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
8. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Tehran University Tehran Iran
9. Microbiology Department Tehran University Tehran Iran
10. Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology ACECR Tehran Iran
11. Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Experimental Cancer Medicine Huddinge Sweden
Abstract
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high death rate in the world. The molecular mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of HCC have not been precisely defined so far. Hence, this review aimed to address the potential cross‐talk between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and programmed cell death in HCC. All related papers in the English language up to June 2023 were collected and screened. The searched keywords in scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were HCC, ncRNAs, Epigenetic, Programmed cell death, Autophagy, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, Chemoresistance, Tumor recurrence, Prognosis, and Prediction. According to the reports, ncRNAs, comprising long ncRNAs, microRNAs, circular RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs can affect cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, as well as cell death‐related processes, such as autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis in HCC by regulating cancer‐associated genes and signaling pathways, for example, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/Akt, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase/MAPK, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways. It seems that ncRNAs, as epigenetic regulators, can be utilized as biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, survival and recurrence rates prediction, chemoresistance, and evaluation of therapeutic response in HCC patients. However, more scientific evidence is suggested to be accomplished to confirm these results.