1. DSI‐Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Mintek Randburg South Africa
2. Institute of Nano Engineering Research (INER), Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (Polymer Technology Division) Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa
3. Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
4. Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
5. Department of Life Sciences Central University of Technology Bloemfontein South Africa