1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital Shanghai 200233 China
2. Sino‐Russian Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 China
3. Tissue Engineering VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA 02130 USA
4. Department of Orthopedics Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
5. State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
6. Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology Singapore 138669 Singapore