Affiliation:
1. Institute of Microtechnology (IMT) Technical University of Braunschweig Alte Salzdahlumer Str. 203 38124 Braunschweig Germany
2. Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ) Technical University of Braunschweig Franz‐Liszt‐Str. 35a 38106 Braunschweig Germany
3. Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine (IMIT) Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 28, E8 72076 Tübingen Germany
4. Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” EXC 2124 Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 28 72076 Tübingen Germany
Abstract
AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex, dynamic network present within all tissues and organs that not only acts as a mechanical support and anchorage point but can also direct fundamental cell behavior, function, and characteristics. Although the importance of the ECM is well established, the integration of well‐controlled ECMs into Organ‐on‐Chip (OoC) platforms remains challenging and the methods to modulate and assess ECM properties on OoCs remain underdeveloped. In this review, current state‐of‐the‐art design and assessment of in vitro ECM environments is discussed with a focus on their integration into OoCs. Among other things, synthetic and natural hydrogels, as well as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) used as substrates, coatings, or cell culture membranes are reviewed in terms of their ability to mimic the native ECM and their accessibility for characterization. The intricate interplay among materials, OoC architecture, and ECM characterization is critically discussed as it significantly complicates the design of ECM‐related studies, comparability between works, and reproducibility that can be achieved across research laboratories. Improving the biomimetic nature of OoCs by integrating properly considered ECMs would contribute to their further adoption as replacements for animal models, and precisely tailored ECM properties would promote the use of OoCs in mechanobiology.
Funder
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Biomedical Engineering,Biomaterials
Cited by
5 articles.
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