Recapitulating the Cancer‐Immunity Cycle on a Chip

Author:

Lee Yujin1,Min Jaehong2,Kim Solbin1,Park Wooju2,Ko Jihoon2ORCID,Jeon Noo Li1345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

2. Department of BioNano Technology Gachon University Seongnam‐si Gyeonggi‐do 13120 Republic of Korea

3. Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

4. Institute of Advanced Machines and Design Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

5. Qureator, Inc. San Diego CA 92110 USA

Abstract

AbstractThe cancer‐immunity cycle is a fundamental framework for understanding how the immune system interacts with cancer cells, balancing T cell recognition and elimination of tumors while avoiding autoimmune reactions. Despite advancements in immunotherapy, there remains a critical need to dissect each phase of the cycle, particularly the interactions among the tumor, vasculature, and immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Innovative platforms such as organ‐on‐a‐chip, organoids, and bioprinting within microphysiological systems (MPS) are increasingly utilized to enhance the understanding of these interactions. These systems meticulously replicate crucial aspects of the TME and immune responses, providing robust platforms to study cancer progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic interventions with greater physiological relevance. This review explores the latest advancements in MPS technologies for modeling various stages of the cancer‐immune cycle, critically evaluating their applications and limitations in advancing the understanding of cancer‐immune dynamics and guiding the development of next‐generation immunotherapeutic strategies.

Funder

National Research Foundation of Korea

Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea

Gachon University

Publisher

Wiley

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