Elevated pretreatment serum apolipoprotein E level associated with poor prognosis of patients with COVID‐19 during the omicron BA.5 and BF.7 wave

Author:

Gong Shengping1,Ma Chao2,Ma Ruishuang1,Zhu Ting1,Ge Xiaoqin1,Xie Rongrong1,Tao Qingsong1,Ouyang Guifang3,Shi Cong2

Affiliation:

1. Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang People's Republic of China

2. Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang People's Republic of China

3. Department of Hematology the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang People's Republic of China

Abstract

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is responsible for the human disease known as COVID‐19. This virus is capable of generating a spectrum of infections ranging from moderate to severe. Serum apolipoprotein E (ApoE) inhibits inflammation by preserving immune regulatory function. Nonetheless, the relationship between serum ApoE and clinical prognosis in omicron remains elusive. A cohort of 231 patients was observed for 65 days, with death as the primary outcome. Based on their ApoE levels, the patients were categorized into patients with elevated ApoE levels and those with lower ApoE levels. To do statistical comparisons, the log‐rank test was utilized, and the Kaplan‐Meier method was utilized to estimate survival rates. Cox hazard models, both univariate and multivariate, were employed to examine the prognostic relevance. According to our research, omicron had significantly greater ApoE levels. In mild‐to‐moderate and severe cases, the study identified a statistically significant variation in ApoE levels. Additionally, there was a drop in overall survival that is statistically significant (OS, p < 0.0001) for patients with greater ApoE levels. Multiple Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicates that an elevated ApoE level was determined to be an adverse and independent prognostic factor of OS in patients with omicron. Taken together, our study found that the level of serum ApoE at the time of initial diagnosis was substantially connected to the severity and prognosis of omicron. Consequently, we propose that ApoE might be a poor prognostic factor in individuals afflicted with the omicron variant.

Publisher

Wiley

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