1. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering; North Carolina A&T State University; 1601 E. Market St Greensboro North Carolina 27411
2. Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials; North Carolina A&T State University; 1601 E. Market St. Greensboro North Carolina 27411
3. Department of Bioengineering; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington Texas 76019
4. Department of Bioengineering; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219-3110