The synergetic enhancement of the porous ZrO2@TiO2 heterostructure and the plasmonic silver nanoparticles for efficient surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Abstract

Rapid identification and analysis of pesticide residue on real‐world sample by a portable platform is of growing interest for monitoring food safety and safeguarding human health. Herein, we developed a robust surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor based on ZrO2@TiO2/Ag substrate for the analysis of pesticide residues. The synergetic effects of the metal organic framework (MOF)‐derived porous ZrO2@TiO2 heterostructure induced charge transfer enhancement and the electromagnetic enhancement from the plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) hotspot generate significant SERS enhancement signal. The SERS substrate exhibits superior long‐term stability and signal homogeneity for SERS quantitative analysis. The platform has the capability to detect not only model molecule of 4‐ATP but also pesticides of triazophos and fonofos at the extremely low concentration of 10−8 M. Moreover, we simulate the quantitative detection of pesticide residue on real objects by spraying pesticides on dendrobium and chrysanthemum leaves, followed by transferring to the SERS platform to perform analysis. The nearly linear fitting curve with a wide concentration range suggests the superior qualitative detection capability. Remarkably, two components and three components of the pesticides are readily identified in a rapid way. The approach provides the rapid analysis, low‐cost device, and portable and quantitative pesticide identification and offers a clear path to multicomponent analysis at a trace level.