1. Graduate Institute of Medicine , College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
2. Faculty of Medicine , College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
3. Department of Anesthesiology , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
4. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
5. Department of Anesthesiology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
6. Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Department of Laryngology and Otology , Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A.
7. Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery , Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A.