New insights in the mechanisms of weight‐loss maintenance: Summary from a Pennington symposium

Author:

Flanagan Emily W.1,Spann Redin1,Berry Sarah E.2,Berthoud Hans‐Rudolf1,Broyles Stephanie1,Foster Gary D.34,Krakoff Jonathan5,Loos Ruth J. F.67,Lowe Michael R.8ORCID,Ostendorf Danielle M.910,Powell‐Wiley Tiffany M.1112,Redman Leanne M.1ORCID,Rosenbaum Michael13ORCID,Schauer Philip R.1,Seeley Randy J.14,Swinburn Boyd A.15ORCID,Hall Kevin16ORCID,Ravussin Eric1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA

2. Department of Nutritional Sciences King's College London London UK

3. WW International New York New York USA

4. Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA

5. Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology & Clinical Research Branch, NIDDK‐Phoenix Phoenix Arizona USA

6. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

7. The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA

8. Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA

9. Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA

10. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA

11. Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA

12. Intramural Research Program National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA

13. Division of Molecular Genetics and Irving Center for Clinical and Translational Research Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA

14. Department of Surgery University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA

15. School of Population Health University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

16. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda Maryland USA

Abstract

AbstractObesity is a chronic disease that affects more than 650 million adults worldwide. Obesity not only is a significant health concern on its own, but predisposes to cardiometabolic comorbidities, including coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Lifestyle interventions effectively promote weight loss of 5% to 10%, and pharmacological and surgical interventions even more, with some novel approved drugs inducing up to an average of 25% weight loss. Yet, maintaining weight loss over the long‐term remains extremely challenging, and subsequent weight gain is typical. The mechanisms underlying weight regain remain to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this Pennington Biomedical Scientific Symposium was to review and highlight the complex interplay between the physiological, behavioral, and environmental systems controlling energy intake and expenditure. Each of these contributions were further discussed in the context of weight‐loss maintenance, and systems‐level viewpoints were highlighted to interpret gaps in current approaches. The invited speakers built upon the science of obesity and weight loss to collectively propose future research directions that will aid in revealing the complicated mechanisms involved in the weight‐reduced state.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Nutrition and Dietetics,Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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