Affiliation:
1. Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw Blvd. St. Louis 63110 Missouri USA
2. Tanzania Forest Service Agency, Directorate of Tree Seed Production Box 40832, Nyerere Road, Mpingo House Dar es Salaam Tanzania
Abstract
AbstractPremiseAlthough ex situ collections of threatened plants are most useful when they contain maximal genetic variation, the conservation and maintenance of genetic diversity in collections are often poorly known. We present a case study using population genomic analyses of an ex situ collection of Karomia gigas, a critically endangered tropical tree from Tanzania. Only ~43 individuals are known in two wild populations, and ex situ collections containing 34 individuals were established in two sites from wild‐collected seed. The study aimed to understand how much diversity is represented in the collection, analyze the parentage of ex situ individuals, and identify efficient strategies to capture and maintain genetic diversity.MethodsWe genotyped all known individuals using a 2b‐RADseq approach, compared genetic diversity in wild populations and ex situ collections, and conducted parentage analysis of the collections.ResultsWild populations were found to have greater levels of genetic diversity than ex situ populations as measured by number of private alleles, number of polymorphic sites, observed and expected heterozygosity, nucleotide diversity, and allelic richness. In addition, only 32.6% of wild individuals are represented ex situ and many individuals were found to be the product of selfing by a single wild individual.DiscussionPopulation genomic analyses provided important insights into the conservation of genetic diversity in K. gigas, identifying gaps and inefficiencies, but also highlighting strategies to conserve genetic diversity ex situ. Genomic analyses provide essential information to ensure that collections effectively conserve genetic diversity in threatened tropical trees.
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