1. Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care American College of Surgeons Chicago Illinois USA
2. Department of Surgery Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Northwestern Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
3. Department of Surgery University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
4. The Healthcare Improvement Studies (THIS) Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
5. Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
6. Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center New York New York USA