Atractylodes Processing Products Protect against Gastric Ulcers in Rats by Influencing the NF‐κB‐MMP‐9/TIMP‐1 Regulatory Mechanism and Intestinal Flora

Author:

Zeng Linlin1,Shen Ling1,Fan Yilin1,Luo Qiaomei1,Hong Ran1,Sun Xiaoli1,Zhou Xia1,Wan Jun1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 Sichuan China

Abstract

AbstractAtractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (AM) is a Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used for treating gastrointestinal diseases. However, little research has focused on it as a single medicine for treating gastric ulcers. Honey‐bran stir‐frying is a characteristic method of concocting AM, so we speculated that AM is more effective after this preparation process. Analysis by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐hybrid quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry revealed changes in the chemical composition of raw Atractylodes (SG), bran‐fried Atractylodes (FG), and honey‐bran‐fried Atractylodes (MFG). MFG was superior to SG and FG in improving the pathological structure of gastric tissue in rats with acute gastric ulcers, reducing inflammatory cell infiltration in gastric tissue, and significantly reducing malondialdehyde while increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and reducing the damage caused by free radical accumulation in the gastric mucosa. In addition, MFG reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), an inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) and nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB)proteins, inhibited inflammatory response, and regulated the degradation and rebalancing of the extracellular matrix. Fecal microbiota analysis also revealed that MFG normalized the intestinal flora to some extent. Our study shows that AM had a protective effect on rats with alcohol‐induced acute gastric ulcers before and after processing, and AM‐processed products were more effective than raw ones. Compared with MF, MFG had a higher rate of ulcer inhibition and a stronger anti‐inflammatory effect, and its mechanism of action was related to the NF‐κB‐MMP‐9/TIMP‐1 signaling pathway.

Funder

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Chemistry,Biochemistry,General Medicine,Bioengineering

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