Affiliation:
1. Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Biology Science Faculty Selcuk University Konya Turkey
2. Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici” Università degli Studi “Gabriele d'Annunzio” via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Italy
3. Munzur University Department of Plant and Animal Production Tunceli Vocational School of Higher Education Tunceli 62000 Turkey
4. Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat 10106 Morocco
5. Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University, Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
6. Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development Ain Shams University, Abbassia Cairo 11566 Egypt
Abstract
AbstractThe Lamiaceae family, encompassing diverse plant species, holds significant value in food, medicine, and cosmetics. Within this family, Pentapleura subulifera and Cyclotrichium glabrescens, relatively unexplored species, were investigated for their chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme‐inhibiting effects. The chemical composition of hexane, methanolic, and aqueous extracts from P. subulifera and C. glabrescens were analyzed using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS and the non‐polar hexane fraction was investigated via GC‐MS. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was determined through radical scavenging, reducing power and metal chelating assays. Additionally, inhibitory activity against six enzymes – acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase – was examined. The aqueous extract of P. subulifera and the methanolic extract of C. glabrescens exhibited elevated phenolic content at 129.47 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 55.97 mg GAE/g, respectively. Chemical profiling of the constituents of the two plant species resulted in the identification of a total of twenty compounds. The majority of which belonged to flavonoids and quinic acid derivatives, primarily concentrated in the methanol and aqueous extracts. Among all antioxidant assays, the aqueous extracts of P. subulifera demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, with the highest recorded activity of 404.93 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g in the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) test. Meanwhile, the hexane extract of C. glabrescens exhibited the highest AChE inhibitory activity at 2.71 mg galanthamine equivalent (GALAE)/g, followed by the methanol extract of P. subulifera at 2.41 mg GALAE/g. These findings unequivocally establish the notable antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of P. subulifera and C. glabrescens extracts, underscoring their potential as a source of valuable natural antioxidants.
Subject
Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Chemistry,Biochemistry,General Medicine,Bioengineering