Manipulating Cis‐Trans Copolymer Chain Conformation to Simultaneously Improve Permittivity and DC Breakdown Strength in Polythiourea

Author:

Jiang Liuhao1ORCID,Liu Xia1,Hu Shichun1,Li Mingru1,Yang Liuqing1,Feng Yang1,Li Shengtao1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

Abstract

AbstractPolythioureas (PTUs) show great potentials for applications in the new generation of film capacitors due to their excellent dielectric properties. Herein, the cis‐trans copolymer chain of PTU is successfully tailored by employing cis and trans cyclohexyl spacers. The relationship between the copolymer chain conformation, microstructure, and dielectric properties is carefully explored by a series of analysis. Compared with cis conformation, the trans with less steric hindrance can promote the formation of H‐bonds. The enhanced H‐bonding interactions not only reduce the molecular inter‐chain spacing, but also drive the self‐assembly of molecular chains to form cylindrical and droplet nano‐morphologies. The phase separation between cis and trans PTUs is confirmed by combining the experimental results of TEM and DSC, and the CT64‐PTU with the most two‐phase interface thus obtains the highest permittivity of 5.5 (@10 Hz). The reduced molecular inter‐chain spacing is accompanied by a decreased hopping distance of charges, which improves breakdown strength by 17% from 498 MV/m to 580 MV/m. Therefore, the cis‐trans copolymer chain conformation in PTU provides a simultaneous high permittivity and breakdown strength. This research offers a strategy to further design high‐performance dielectrics via regulation of copolymer chain conformation.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Materials Chemistry,Polymers and Plastics,Organic Chemistry

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