Understanding caregivers' decision to vaccinate childhood cancer survivors against COVID‐19

Author:

Ilic Anica123ORCID,Haardoerfer Regine4ORCID,Michel Gisela1ORCID,Escoffery Cam4ORCID,Mertens Ann C.23ORCID,Marchak Jordan Gilleland23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland

2. Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA

3. Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta Georgia USA

4. Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundVaccination against COVID‐19 is recommended for childhood cancer survivors (CCS). This study aimed to identify antecedents contributing to caregivers' decisions to vaccinate CCS aged 5–17 years against COVID‐19 by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior.MethodsParticipants in this cross‐sectional study completed an online survey assessing caregiver attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention to vaccinate CCS, CCS vaccination status, COVID‐19 health literacy, and frequency of COVID‐19 information‐seeking. Surveys were completed between May and June 2022 following approval for the emergency use of COVID‐19 vaccines among children aged ≥5 years in the U.S. Data were analyzed using unadjusted linear regressions and structural equation modeling.ResultsParticipants were caregivers (n = 160, 87.5% biological mothers, 75.6% white/non‐Hispanic) of CCS (n = 160, 44.4% female, mean (M) = 12.5 years old, M = 8.0 years off treatment). 70.0% (n = 112) of caregivers and 53.8% (n = 86) of CCS received a COVID‐19 vaccine. Over one‐third (37.5%) of caregivers reported disagreement or indecision about future COVID‐19 vaccination for the CCS. Caregivers' intention (β = 0.962; standard error [S.E.] = 0.028; p < 0.001) was highly related to CCS vaccination status. Attitudes (β = 0.568; S.E. = 0.078; p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β = 0.322; S.E. = 0.062; p < 0.001) were associated with intention. Higher frequency of COVID‐19 information‐seeking (β = 0.313; S.E. = 0.063; p < 0.001) and COVID‐19 health literacy (β = 0.234; S.E. = 0.059; p < 0.001) had a positive indirect effect on intention through attitudes and subjective norms.ConclusionsCaregivers' vaccination intentions for minor CCS are highly related to vaccination behavior and shaped by attitudes, subjective norms, COVID‐19 health literacy, and frequency of COVID‐19 information‐seeking. Promoting tailored communication with caregivers of CCS and encouraging them to review reputable sources of information can address their vaccine hesitancy.

Funder

National Cancer Institute

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cancer Research,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Oncology

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