1. Planning Department; River Center of Hokkaido; Sapporo Japan
2. Laboratory of Hydraulic Research, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
3. Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey; Golden Colorado USA
4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Geology; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana Illinois USA