1. National Power Battery Innovation Center, Grinm Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100088 P.R. China
2. China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd. Beijing 101407 P.R. China
3. General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 P.R. China
4. Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety Research and Shenzhen Geim Graphene CenterTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
5. School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P.R. China