A Novel Heterozygous Intronic FBN1 Variant Contributes to Aberrant RNA Splicing in Marfan Syndrome

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundMarfan syndrome (MFS) is a complex genetic systemic connective tissue disorder. It is well known that genetic factors play a critical role in the progression of MFS, with nearly all cases attributed to variants in the FBN1 gene.MethodsWe investigated a Chinese family with MFS spanning two generations. Whole exome sequencing, in silico analysis, minigene constructs, transfection, RT‐PCR, and protein secondary structure analysis were used to analyze the genotype of the proband and his father.ResultsThe main clinical manifestations of the proband and his father were subluxation of the left lens and high myopia with pectus deformity. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel single nucleotide variant (SNV) in the FBN1 gene at a non‐canonical splice site, c.443‐3C>G. This variant resulted in two abnormal mRNA transcripts, leading to a frameshift and an in‐frame insertion. Further in vitro experiments indicated that the c.443‐3C>G variant in FBN1 was pathogenic and functionally harmful.ConclusionThis research identified a novel intronic pathogenic FBN1: c.443‐3C>G gene variant, which led to two different aberrant splicing effects. Further functional analysis expands the variant spectrum and provides a strong indication and sufficient basis for preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT‐M).