Second‐Order Topological Corner States in Square Lattice Plasmonic Metasurfaces with C4 and Glide Symmetries

Abstract

Recently, plasmonic metasurfaces have emerged as a platform for topological photonics, exhibiting both advantages of plasmon‐induced tight confinement of local field and topological robustness. Most previous works regarding plasmonic systems are limited to the first‐order topologies and only a few studies dealt with higher‐order topological states in honeycomb lattices. Moreover, second‐order topologies of square lattice plasmonic systems have not yet been studied. This work presents second‐order topological corner states in the square lattices of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) with various symmetries, taking two different C4 and glide symmetries as examples. Their unit cells are obtained from nonprimitive cells, consisting of four equal spheroidal NPs, by expanding (or shrinking), rotating, and resizing. Bulk bands and spectral functions of the unit cells calculated by using the coupled dipole method well agree with COMSOL simulation results, revealing the accuracy of the numerical calculations as well as the experimental realizability of the systems. Second‐order topological corner states and their robustness against structural disorder are numerically shown for three different square lattices. This work will trigger extensive investigations to open a new realm of topological metasurfaces with promising applications.