Anxiety and the Effects of Sodium Lactate Assessed Clinically and Physiologically

Author:

Kelly Desmond,Mitchell-Heggs Nita,Sherman Daniel

Abstract

Anxiety neurosis has been the subject of intensive study during the past ten years. Renewed interest in this syndrome has arisen both from the stimulus of new methods of treatment and from attempts to classify anxiety more accurately. Recently Pitts and McClure (1967) reported that anxiety symptoms and anxiety attacks could be produced by a specific biochemical stimulus: sodium lactate. This work was prompted by the finding that 'standard exercise’ tends to produce an excess amount of lactic acid in patients with anxiety neurosis (Cohen and White, 1950; Jones and Mellersh, 1946; Linko, 1950; Holmgren and Strom, 1959). Pitts and McClure found that an intravenous infusion of 10 ml. of half-Molar sodium (DL) lactate per kilogram of body weight, given over a twenty minute period, produced an anxiety attack in patients suffering from anxiety neurosis. The symptoms began a minute or two after the infusion was started and developed rapidly, and some patients reported ‘exacerbations of their characteristic symptom profiles for two to five days after the sodium lactate infusion’. In their double-blind study, many fewer symptoms were produced when calcium ion was added to the lactate infusion, and almost no symptoms were produced by an infusion of glucose in saline of similar osmolarity. Many fewer and less severe symptoms were produced in normal controls than in the patient group, both in response to sodium lactate and to lactate with added calcium, and almost no symptoms during the glucose and saline infusion. Pitts and McClure postulated that anxiety symptoms may have a common determining biochemical end-mechanism, involving the complexing of ionized calcium at the surface of excitable membranes by lactate ion with resulting interference ‘with the normal functioning of calcium in transmitting nerve impulses' (Pitts, 1969). They concluded that ‘there may be something highly specific about lactate ion in producing the naturally occurring hypocalcaemic anxiety symptoms in human beings'.

Publisher

Royal College of Psychiatrists

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health

Reference18 articles.

1. ‘Blood lactate concentration in relation to absolute and relative work load in normal men, and in mitral stenosis, atrial septal defect and vasoregulatory asthenia.’;Holmgren;Acta Medica Scandinavica,1959

2. ‘Haemodynamic and metabolic effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in exercising dogs.’;Cronin;Journal of Applied Physiology,1967

3. Eysenck H. J. (1959). Manual of the Maudsley Personality Inventory. London.

4. The role of lactic acid in the vasodilator action of adrenaline in the human limb

5. Lactate Metabolism in Anxiety Neurosis

Cited by 132 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3