Incidence and risk factors for Graves’ orbitopathy in patients who underwent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment during medical treatment for Graves’ disease: investigation of 1,553 cases with newly diagnosed Graves’ disease and proposal of a predictive score

Author:

Watanabe Natsuko1ORCID,Yoshimura Noh Jaeduk1,Kozaki Ai2,Yoshimura Ran1,Yoshihara Ai1,Suzuki Nami1,Matsumoto Masako1,Fukushita Miho1,Kinoshita Aya1,Aida Azusa1,Imai Hideyuki1,Hiruma Shigenori1,Inoue Toshu2,Inoue Kosuke3,Sugino Kiminori4,Ito Koichi4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Internal Medicine, Ito Hospital, Tokyo 150-8308, Japan

2. Olympia Eye Hospital, Tokyo 150-0001, Japan

3. Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

4. Department of Surgery, Ito Hospital, Tokyo 150-8308, Japan

Publisher

Japan Endocrine Society

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Reference40 articles.

1. 1 Kahaly GJ, Petrak F, Hardt J, Pitz S, Egle UT (2005) Psychosocial morbidity of Graves’ orbitopathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 63: 395–402.

2. 2 Smith TJ, Kahaly GJ, Ezra DG, Fleming JC, Dailey RA, et al. (2017) Teprotumumab for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med 376: 1748–1761.

3. 3 Douglas RS, Kahaly GJ, Patel A, Sile S, Thompson EHZ, et al. (2020) Teprotumumab for the treatment of active thyroid eye disease. N Engl J Med 382: 341–352.

4. 4 Rundle FF, Wilson CW (1945) Development and course of exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia in Graves’ disease with special reference to the effect of thyroidectomy. Clin Sci 5: 177–194.

5. 5 Rundle FF (1957) Management of exophthalmos and related ocular changes in Graves’ disease. Metabolism 6: 36–48.

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