1. Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
2. Center for Comprehensive Health Check and Promotion, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 101-8372, Japan
3. Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Hospital, Kobe 652-0042, Japan
4. Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
5. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
6. Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
7. Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan