1. Clinical Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
2. The PHPH study group
3. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
4. Department of Medicine, Saitama National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Wako, Japan
5. Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Mie Chuou Medical Center, Tsu, Japan
6. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Hospital Organization Ureshino Medical Center, Ureshino, Japan
7. Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokushima Hospital, Yoshinogawa, Japan
8. Division of Internal Medicine, Misato Kenwa Hospital, Misato, Japan
9. Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Mie Hospital, Tsu, Japan
10. Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
11. Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Hakodate Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
12. Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nishigunma National Hospital, Shibukawa, Japan
13. Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
14. Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
15. Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan