SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NEEM AND TULSI LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIAL THREATS

Abstract

In the Indian context, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing concern, with a reported 60,000 neonatal fatalities and an aggregate of 1,339,500 deaths either directly attributable to or associated with AMR. This epidemiological data underscores the imperative for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. The transition towards agents derived from organic sources is advocated to reduce reliance on synthetic chemicals and promoting eco-friendly practices. The qualities of natural herbs, including their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and other bioactive properties are increasingly recognized for their potential impact on environmental conditions. Emphasizing their role in reducing reliance on synthetic chemicals and promoting eco-friendly practices, the abstract highlights how these herbs contribute to biodiversity conservation, soil health improvement, and overall ecosystem resilience. By examining case studies and current research, the abstract underscores the importance of integrating natural herbs into environmental strategies and policies for achieving sustainable development goals. Empirical evidence thus derived within the scientific conditions attests to the antimicrobial prowess of extracts from Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi), and Azadirachta indica (Neem). Investigations employing ethyl alcohol as a dissolving agent for these botanicals have been conducted to corroborate and elucidate their efficacious role in the synthesis of organic antimicrobial agents.