Abstract
The article, intended for neonatologists, general practitioners, family medicine, pediatricians, presents the main causes of disorders in the hemostasis system, which lead to the development of hemorrhagic syndrome in newborns and infants. Emphasis is placed on various forms of neonatal hemorrhagic disease (NHD), which is based on a deficiency of fat-soluble vitamin K. The main risk group for bleeding associated with late vitamin K deficiency is formed by children who are exclusively breastfed. The article presents modern approaches to the prevention of late bleeding associated with vitamin K deficiency, which is based on chronic problems of the digestive system – chronic cholestasis, cystic fibrosis and others. Describes and interprets current guidelines for the prophylactic use of vitamin K in infants in the first three months of life in European countries of high economic development, the United States, which reflects various effective schemes for the prevention of bleeding associated with vitamin K deficiency in infants, differing in single dose application of a preventive course and a way of administration of vitamin K (phytomenadione). The role of parents in the prevention of vitamin K deficiency in infants who are breastfed is emphasized.
Publisher
LLC Information and Research Center Likarska Sprava
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