Abstract
Severe acute and chronic heart failure refractory to the conventional regimen continues to be a leading cause of cardiac mortality. Because depression of myocardial contractility is an important pathophysiological factor of heart failure and because the cardiac glycosides possess a low therapeutic value, intense interest is focused on other non-glycoside, non-sympathomimetic positive inotropic agents. These new cardiotonic agents increase the force of action of phosphodiesterase properties and clinical values.
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