Breeding of Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivar Keyun1 and Exploration of Nitrogen Application and Planting Density

Abstract

Background: Small white Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is popular in the international market, they are widely cultivated in the high and cold areas of China. However, these areas have relatively short growth period, resulting in the low yield and quality of kidney beans, which limits the development of kidney bean. Keyun1 has since played an important role in improving kidney bean production in the country since 2020 because of its high yields, good upright, and wide adaptability. Methods: Keyun1 is a small grain white kidney bean cultivar that was developed systematic selection of excellent mutants in China in 2020. Result: The average yield of Keyun1 was 2346.26 kg per hectare, 34.42% higher than that of the control cultivar (The British Red) in the national joint identification test of new kidney bean cultivars of China from 2016 to 2017. In 2018, Keyun1 was included in the national joint identification and production test of new kidney bean cultivars of China, the average yield per hectare was 2076.58 kg, which is 67.99% higher than that of the control cultivar(The British Red). and exploration of nitrogen application and planting density showed the best nitrogen application is 45 kg of active ingredient nitrogen per hectare and the best planting density is 15×104 - 20×104 plants/ha, the greatest yield was 3198.17 kg/ha.