Inhibitory Effect of Herbs on Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Enzyme from Escherichia coli of Healthy Broilers

Abstract

Background: Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics has risen dramatically in Escherichia coli from poultry and other food animals due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzyme (ESBLs) which degrades third generation cephalosporins.Herbs could be a better alternative for such cases. Methods: Present study was undertaken on 400 caecal samples of healthy broilers, collected from various poultry sale outlets of Jabalpur (M.P.). Samples were screened phenotypically and genotypically for the presence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing E. coli. Inhibitory effect of fruit peel juice of Punica granatum and Syzigium aromaticum oil observed on the Beta lactamase enzyme obtained from these positive samples by colorimetric method using CENTA and NITROCEFIN as chromogenic substrate.Result: Phenotypically 135 samples/isolates were ESBL producing E.coli. On multiplex PCR assay 76 positive samples with bla TEM, blaCTX and bla SHV, gene was obtained. Oil of Syzygium aromaticum showed maximium per cent inhibition, Punica granatum depicted lower per cent inhibition with CENTA and NITROCEFIN respectively. Combination of both herbs showed increased inhibition. Tazobactum, (100µM) taken as the standard control exhibited 99.88 and 98 per cent inhibition of ESBL enzyme.