Effects of micro-colloidal Rhodomyrtus tomentosa on MMP9, GLUT-1, and IL-1β expression in Rattus norvegicus cervical cancer

Abstract

Context: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa has the potential to contain compounds that enhance health. One type of disease that requires antioxidants in its healing is cancer. R. tomentosa extract was resized to nano size to optimize cell permeability. Aims: To analyze the effects of micro-colloidal leaves extract of R. tomentosa (MR) on MMP9, GLUT-1, and IL-1β expression in cervical cancer. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five treatments, namely untreated (C-), cervical cancer (C+), and a cervical cancer rat model that was given R. tomentosa extract (MR) 100 mg/kg (MR100), 200 mg/kg (MR200), and 400 mg/kg (MR400). After receiving the extract for 30 days, all groups were analyzed using an immunohistochemical technique to detect MMP9, GLUT-1, and IL-1β antibodies. Results: From the statistical analysis, there was a substantial difference in the expression of MMP9, GLUT-1, and IL-1 in the C+ group compared to the C-, MR100, MR200, and MR400 groups (p<0.005; p<0.002: p<0.001 p<0.01, respectively). Unrestrained cell development, asymmetric cell shape, a sizeable nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, and various nucleus-form variants, and when MR was administered, the cervical histology of the tissues began to improve, similar to group C. In this group decreases the distance between the tumors, slows the growth of the carcinoma, and permits the nucleus to form appropriately in a cervical cancer cell was observed. Dosages of 200 and 400 mg/kg improved the histology of cervical tissue while decreasing MMP-9, GLUT-1, and IL-1β expression. Conclusions: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa ethanolic extract shows antimetastatic properties and could be analyzed as an anticancer therapy in the future.