Effect of maximal physical exercise on apoptosis via cytochrome c in hippocampus cells after administration of Vitis gracilis Wall.

Abstract

Context: Excessive swimming can reduce the ability of hippocampus cells and memory function. When hippocampus volume is lost in late adulthood, aerobic exercise can help recover it. This improvement in memory performance is beneficial, but excessive aerobic exercise can harm the hippocampal structure. Vitis gracilis Wall. is a traditional medicinal plant of North Sumatra's Karo people that works well as a stamina booster. Aims: To analyze apoptosis via cytochrome c in serum and brain tissue (hippocampal cells) after oral administration of V. garcilis. Methods: Six treatments were given to rats that were given excessive physical exercise consisting of G-: negative control; G+: Swim rats; G.Vit.C: Swim rats +Vitamin C 0.02 mg/kg BW; G100: Swim rats + V. gracilis 100/kg, G125; Swim rats + V. gracilis 125 mg/kg; G150: Swim rats + V. gracilis 150 mg/kg. Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Tunel Assay were used to assess study parameters. Results: There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the expression of cytochrome c and apoptotic neurons in the hippocampus. Administration of V. gracilis could balance superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The higher dose of V. gracilis induced higher SOD levels and lower MDA levels. Conclusions: V. gracilis can improve the histology of brain and hippocampus cells due to physical exercise and reduce cell apoptosis via cytochrome c.