Plantas medicinales con potencial actividad neuroprotectora estudiadas en cepas transgénicas de Caenorhabditis elegans. Revisión sistemática 2010-2021

Abstract

Context: Treatments for neurodegenerative diseases generate multiple adverse effects and do not reverse the progressive damage of the disease. It is a priority to find alternatives from medicinal plants as a source of molecules with neuroprotective potential. Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo screening model allows evaluating and selecting molecules with neuroprotective activity. Aims: To carry out a systematic review between the years 2010-2021, on traditionally used plant resources with potential neuroprotective activity evaluated in C. elegans. Methods: The review was carried out in 4 stages according to the PRISMA methodology. 1. Research question approach and objectives to define the thematic axes and create the search algorithm. 2. Search of ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Ebsco, Taylor and Francis and Scielo databases, 3. Selection of articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 4. Organization of information relevant to the review. Results: The search yielded 122 articles, defining 12 base articles for the construction of the review. The extracts in dichloromethane, butanol, ethanolic and aqueous stand out; as well as iridoid and flavonoid type biocompounds. Antioxidant activity was the most cited. Among the neuroprotective effects in C. elegans transgenic strains, the increase in the percentage of survival of nematodes, reduction of paralysis, inhibition of protein aggregation and regulation of genes associated with stress stand out. Conclusions: The identification of bioactive molecules and extracts obtained from medicinal plants of traditional use with neuroprotective potential, is favored by the use of C. elegans as a model for the study of neurodegenerative diseases.