Selective autophagy regulates chloroplast protein import and promotes plant stress tolerance

Author:

Wan Chen12,Zhang Hui1,Cheng Hongying12,Sowden Robert G3,Cai Wenjuan4,Jarvis R Paul3ORCID,Ling Qihua125ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

3. Department of Plant Sciences and Section of Molecular Plant Biology (Department of Biology) University of Oxford Oxford UK

4. Core Facility Center, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

5. CAS‐JIC Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences (CEPAMS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

Abstract

AbstractChloroplasts are plant organelles responsible for photosynthesis and environmental sensing. Most chloroplast proteins are imported from the cytosol through the translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts (TOC). Previous work has shown that TOC components are regulated by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) to control the chloroplast proteome, which is crucial for the organelle's function and plant development. Here, we demonstrate that the TOC apparatus is also subject to K63‐linked polyubiquitination and regulation by selective autophagy, potentially promoting plant stress tolerance. We identify NBR1 as a selective autophagy adaptor targeting TOC components, and mediating their relocation into vacuoles for autophagic degradation. Such selective autophagy is shown to control TOC protein levels and chloroplast protein import and to influence photosynthetic activity as well as tolerance to UV‐B irradiation and heat stress in Arabidopsis plants. These findings uncover the vital role of selective autophagy in the proteolytic regulation of specific chloroplast proteins, and how dynamic control of chloroplast protein import is critically important for plants to cope with challenging environments.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Molecular Biology,General Neuroscience

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