Disseminated Histoplasma captulatum infection in a patient with HIV

Abstract

Histoplasmosis capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, recognised for its endemic presence in multiple global regions. It may cause severe opportunistic disseminated infection in immunocompromised individuals. This is a case report of a 33-year-old man from Thailand who was admitted at a Danish hospital with fever, weight loss, cough, nosebleeds, and newly diagnosed HIV. The clinical condition rapidly deteriorated with lung and kidney failure. The patient was diagnosed with H. capsulatum fungaemia first detected on blood smear. He was treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by oral itraconazole as well as antiretroviral therapy.